A great composer representing modern America. He made a strong impact on traditional Western music with his concept of “chance music,” a non-Western form of musical philosophy and expression, which he established as one of the main styles of contemporary music. He has been a strong motive force in the most progressive group of modern composers as a pioneer of such revolutionary movements and has widely influenced not only musicians but also artists in other fields, such as dancers, poets, painters, sculptors, and photographers.

＊This category then was Category of Creative Arts and Moral Sciences.